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MODULE-4 Physical Education for Various Populations
Physical Education
and Sports Sciences demonstrate physical exercise for children;
choose the physical exercise for CWSN (Children with special needs);

choose the physical exercise for women and
choose the physical exercise for older adults.

13.1 MEANING OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE
Note
Physical exercise is a combination of two words. One is ‘physical’ which means
“body” and other is ‘exercise’ which means “to do any movement or activity”,
so physical exercise means any movement or activity performed by our body. It
could be anything such as walking, jumping, throwing, dancing, sports, cycling,
etc.

There are lots of benefit of physical exercises. Regular participation in any
physical education programme helps in reducing risk of various diseases and
leading causes of death. Regular physical activity helps in reducing the risk of
heart related problems, diabetes and mainly cancers and depression among
females. It builds and maintains the healthy bones, muscles and joints in men as
well as in women too.

We all are different from each other in terms of age, height, weight, gender etc.
Thus, the need of exercises is different for everyone. Here in the next section,
we are going to study what different types of exercise or activity one can perform,
which suit his/her requirement.

13.2 PHYSICAL EXERCISE FOR CHILDREN

Physical Exercise Guidelines for Children (under 5 years)

Active play starts from birth, especially through floor-based activities including
tummy-time, reaching, pushing, pulling and crawling. The roots of life long
physical exercises are shown in childhood. Children below the age group of 5
must be encouraged especially by their families for regular and routine based
exercises. The play game is the very general form of the same. Children of this
age do not understand rules and often are not coordinated enough to play
organized sports. Walking or running, playing tag, swimming (when at least 4
yrs old), tumbling, dancing, throwing and catching are few activities that can be
played in this age group. As they grow older, they might like to try skipping and
bike riding.

Physical Exercises for Children Ages 5-8

The children of this age group explore relationship between the objects; so the
activities including short instruction times, flexible rules, offer free time for
Physical Education and Yog
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