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Module - III Maritime Security

Security and Geo-Strategy

Note

Fig 9.1 - Maritime Zones- Geographical Representation
Intext Questions 9.2

1. Explain the law of sea.

2. Explain the meaning of the maritime zones.

3. Describe the rights of a coastal state.

4. Explain the 'high seas'.

9.2 Importance of Maritime Security for India

Maritime trade occupies an important place in India's economy and energy security.
Most of India's trade and energy supply pass through the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).
It is estimated that most of the India's trade is done through the ocean. Hence securing
the maritime area is non-negotiable. Apart from this reason, the geography of India
also makes maritime security an important concern for Indian policy makers.
India has a coastline of 7,517 kms. Out of this 5,422 kms are with main land. Andaman
and Nicobar have a coastline of 1962 kms and Lakshadweep has 132 kms of coastline.
This vast coast line presents numerous security challenges like piracy, illegal landing of
arms and explosives, infiltration, use of sea and off shore islands for criminal activities,
drug and human trafficking and smuggling. Absence of physical barriers on the coast
and presence of vital industries like port and important defence installations like
RADARs and nuclear reactors enhances the risk and the need to protect its maritime
region.

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