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Module - VI Insurgency

Insurgency and
The first to witness insurgency was Manipur by anumber of small organizations
Terrorism
demanding complete independence from India. Later others like ULFA, National
Democratic Front of Bodoland (NDFB),in Assam, Mizo National Front in
Mizoram and Naga National Council in Nagaland, started demanding
independence. See Map given below to identify the NE states of India and their
year of becoming a state of India. Reasons for rise of insurgency for the rise of
Note extremism in our North-Eastern states of Nagaland, Mizoram, Tripura, Manipur,
and Assam, etc. are many. Some important reasons are given below:-
 The long British rule never attempted to bring the tribals of these states
into the mainstream of the nation. A feeling of hatred, alienation and
disharmony was created in their hearts which fuelled the insurgency based
in the North East.
 Psychological, emotional and religious aspects are also involved in the
problem.
 Widespread poverty, unemployment, neglect of youth, peasants and
working class and emotional alienation are some of the main reasons of
insurgency in these States.
(c) Left Wing Extremism in India

Left Wing Extremism is an important element in the problem of armed insurgency
in India. The Left Wing Insurgents are motivated to carry out an armed struggle
against the Indian Union and to establish a Communist State. Similar to all the
other major insurgencies in India the origin of the Left Wing Insurgents can be
traced back to the British rule. The communist political movements, tribal unrests,
labour and agrarian unrests started during the British rule in India. States affected
by this type of insurgency are, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra
Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Jharkhand and Bihar. This entire region where
the Naxalites are active is termed as the "Red Corridor".

 The Red Corridor covers about 170 districts, which has population of
economically and socially backward tribals. This provides the Naxalites
with a population that has youth willing to join the movement. Also this
region has dense forest that enables the Naxalites to carry out gueilla
warfare against Central and State security forces. See map no 21.5 below
to identify areas affected by Naxalites.

 Indian gevernment has adopted the policy of development and dealing
with insurgents firmly. This policy is paying, dividents and the left wing
extremism is now under control to a great extent.

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MILITARY HISTORY