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Module - III Maritime Security

Security and Geo-Strategy
2. Includes internal waters, territorial sea, the contiguous zone, the exclusive
economic zone, the continental shelf and the high seas.
3. Sovereign rights to use all its surrounding water ways for various purposes for
the purpose of exploring and exploiting its natural resource in the sea bed for
economic purposes and to establish rights over use of artificial islands and
installations and structures for marine scientific research.
Note
4. The High Seas lie beyond 200 nautical miles from shore and are open and freely
available to all countries. On the High Seas, no state can act or interfere with
others using the seas.

9.3

1. Because an estimated 95 % of India's trade is conducted through oceans and
hence securing the maritime is important for India.Why is maritime security
important for India?
2. Blue economy is sustainable use of resources of the oceans in a way to help the
coastal community people in their economic and social development.

3. There are 12 major ports in India. Some of them are: Kolkata, Paradip,
Vishakapattanam, Ennore, Chennai, Tutucorin.
4. Sagaramala is an initiative by government of India to develop and modernize
ports and coastal economic zones. It also includes costal community
developmental programmes through skill development and lively hood generation
activities like fisheries development and coastal tourism.

9.4

1. A chokepoint refers to a point of natural congestion along two wider and
important navigable passages. Maritime choke points are naturally narrow
channels of shipping having high traffic because of their strategic locations
2. Straits of Malacca and Strait of Hormuz.

9.5
1. International Maritime Organization and International Ship and Port Facility
Security Code.
2. Ministry of Defence, Ministry of Home affairs, Ministry of Fisheries and Ministry

of Shipping. Agencies are as follows: National Technical Research Organisation,
Research and Analysis Wing, Intelligence Bureau, Narcotics control bureau,
Directorate of revenue intelligence

3. Indian Coast Guard (ICG) is responsible for the security of coastal and territorial
waters. It was formally established on 18th of August 1978 by the Coast Guard
Act, 1978.

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MILITARY STUDIES