Page 75 - MILITARY-STUDIES-2

Module - VI
Armed Forces in Peace Keeping
Armed Forces and its Role
in Internal Security and reduces the risk of renewed warfare. Peacekeeping by the United Nations is a
role held by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations. Peacekeeping operations
are defined as "a unique and dynamic instrument developed by the organization
as a way to help countries torn by conflict to create the conditions for lasting
peace."

It is distinguished from peacebuilding, peacemaking, and peace enforcement although
Note the United Nations does acknowledge that all activities are "mutually reinforcing" and

that overlap between them is frequent in practice.

16.1.1 Types of Peacekeeping Operations

There are various types of operations within peace keeping. The UN peacekeeping is
governed by Chapter VI and Chapter VII of the UN Charter. Chapter VI missions
are consent based, therefore they require the consent of the warring factions involved
in order to operate. Should they lose that consent, Peacekeepers would be compelled
to withdraw.

Chapter VII missions, by contrast, do not require consent, though they may have it. If
consent is lost at any point, Chapter VII missions would not be required to withdraw.
Chapter VII mission are peace enforcement missions.

Peace-Enforcement

Peace-enforcement meant to act with or without the consent of the belligerents in
order to ensure any treaty or cease-fire mandated by the United Nations Security
Council is maintained. This is done primarily under Chapter VII of the UN Charter
and the forces are generally heavily armed as opposed to the unarmed, or lightly-
armed personnel frequently deployed as observers.

Peace-Making

Peace-making intends to compel belligerents to seek a peaceful settlement for their
differences via mediation and other forms of negotiation provided by the UN under
Chapter VI of the UN Charter.

Peace-Keeping

Peace-keeping is deployment of a lightly-armed United Nations presence in the field
with the consent of the belligerents involved in order to build confidence and monitor
agreements between concerned parties. Additionally, diplomats continue to work toward
comprehensive and lasting peace, or for the implementation of an agreed upon peace.

16.1.2 Post-Conflict Reconstruction

Post-Conflict Reconstruction is intended to develop economic and social cooperation
to mend relations between the belligerents. Social, political, and economic infrastructure

68
68
MILITARY STUDIES