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Early Childhood in India

(b) Sanitation systems aim to protect ……………by providing a clean
environment.

(c) Hygiene is the practice of keeping ………….. and the ………………..clean Notes
to prevent illness or spread of disease.
(d) Neighborhoods play an important role in shaping children’s ……………….
and……………….
(e) …………..and ……………stimulation can play a significant role in the
development of children.

2.6 CHILD VIS-A-VIS THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION AND
PROVISIONS

The Constitution of India came into force on 26 January 1950. The Constitution
establishes the basic rights and duties of the citizens of the nation. All citizens
have to agree and abide by them. Given below are some of the constitutional
provisions related to children and education.

To uplift disadvantaged sections, the Constitution of India, allows affirmative
action through positive discrimination (reservations) in education and
employment, which is based on caste plus socio-economic backwardness.These
reservations are restricted to government run or government-aided institutions
and not to the private sector.

Fundamental Rights

Article 14: …shall not deny to any person equality before the law or the
equal protection of the laws within the territory of India.

Article 15: … shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only
of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them. (3)
Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making
any special provision for women and children. (4) Nothing
… shall prevent the State from making any special provision
for the advancement of any socially and educationally
backward classes of citizens or for the Scheduled Castes and
the Scheduled Tribes.
Article 17: “Untouchability” is abolished and its practice in any form is
forbidden. …

Article 19: (1) All citizens shall have the right – (a) to freedom of speech
and expression; (b) to assemble peaceably and without arms;
(c) to form associations or unions; (d) to move freely

EARLY CHILDHOOD CARE AND EDUCATION 25