Page 17 - Final Lesson-2.pmd
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Early Childhood in India
the world; appropriate language stimulation; and an adult with whom to form an
attachment. The level of support the mother receives from others in the family
Notes and from society plays an important role in the kind of care she is able to provide
during this time. Thus, the cultural patterns surrounding the role of the father,
other family members and the community during this period is important for the
child’s survival and development.
WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNT
In this lesson, you have learnt:
• Early childhood period is important as development takes place maximum
during this period and foundation for holistic development is laid.
• Status and profile of young children in India including demographic profile,
Infant Mortality Rate and Under Five Infant Mortality Rate (U5IMR).
• Factors affecting early childhood:
¾ Heredity and environment
¾ Exercise
¾ Sex of the child
¾ Nutrition
¾ Familial Influence
¾ Geographical Influences
¾ Socio-Economic Status
¾ Hygiene
¾ Sanitation Practices
¾ Immunization
¾ Maternal Health
• Constitution of India lays emphasis on survival, development and protection
of children. There are provisions in the Constitution either as a fundamental
right or as Directive Principles of State Policy.To protect the discrimination
arising from the caste, the Constitution of India prohibits discrimination on
the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth (Article 15); promotes
equality of opportunity in public employment (Article 16); abolishes
untouchability (Article 17) and protects the Scheduled Castes (SC),
28 EARLY CHILDHOOD CARE AND EDUCATION
