Page 18 - Lesson 5.xps

MODULE-2 Physical and Physiological Aspects of Physical Education
Dimension of Physical
Education and Yog Stroke Volume increases

Amount of blood pumped in every heart beat is known as stroke volume. It
is a prime factor to determine the endurance capacity of an individual, due
to small heart volume in females their stoke volume is also lower as compared
to males. In resting position, an individual who is not involved in activity,
his heart pump 70 ml/ bt and in same state an individual who does regular
activity their heart pump 100 ml/bt.
Note
Cardiac Output increases

The amount of blood pumped in one minute by the heart is known as cardiac
output, it can be calculated by heart rate x stoke volume. Due to increase in
heart rate and stock volume cardiac output also increases.

Blood pressure increases

Participation in Physical activity immediately increases the blood pressure.
Upper limit is known as systolic and lower limit known as diastolic pressure.
There are factors which affect the blood pressure like age, sex, disease,
exercise, psychological factors etc.; It depends on the type of activity.
However prolonged participation in physical activity, maintains the blood
pressure level.

Blood Volume increases

Activity results in increase in blood volume due to increase in blood plasma
and the number of red blood cells. Increase in volume of blood plasma
results in decrease of blood thickness which leads to better blood circulation.

Blood Flow increases

Active muscles need more oxygen and nutrition, that requirement can be
fulfilled by more flow of the blood. Reasons of Increase in blood flow are
increase in blood volume, increase in capillaries etc.
Size of Heart

Long term continuous activity changes the function and structure of the
heart. It is a pumping machine which supplies blood to the whole body.
Continuous activities not only increases the ability of contraction but also
increase the size of left ventricle.

Lactic acid
Long term effect of activity includes lower level of accumulation of lactic
acid, due to good circulation of blood which contains good amount of
oxygen.

Physical Education and Yog
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