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Physical and Physiological Aspects of Physical Education MODULE-2
Dimension of Physical
Smooth muscles – It is an involuntary muscle which is not under control of Education and Yog
conscious functioning of nervous system. These muscles are located in our
organs like digestive system, respiratory system etc.

Cardiac muscles – As per its name this type of muscle tissues are found in
heart. It contracts automatically and quickly and repeatedly forcing the blood
the throughout body. It work rhythmically without any fatigue. They are
involuntary muscles in nature, so are not under conscious control.

Skeletal muscles – known as striated muscle due to its appearance, skeletal Note
muscle are under voluntary control or the conscious control. Contraction of
this type of muscle results in pulling of the bones and creates movements.
There are different types of activities which are controlled by the skeletal
muscles. There are three types of muscle contractions:

Isometric Pushing the Wall, Planks etc.
contraction

Isotonic Bicep Curl, Push-Ups etc.
contraction

Iso-kinetic Cybex Isokinetic Exercise
contraction Machine etc.

Fig. 5.4:Types of Muscle Contractions

i) Isometric contraction: during the process of contraction tension occurs
but no visible change in the length of the muscle. Example pushing the
wall, planks etc.

Fig. 5.5: Isometric Exercises
Physical Education and Yog
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